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Concerned about symptoms?
Most patients are seen within one to two weeks at Cobalt Hospital.
Secretary
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Liver Function Test
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TRUSTED INFORMATION
National health information service, liver disease and jaundice guidance.
What is jaundice?
A yellowing of the skin or eyes that always needs assessment. Prompt investigation identifies the underlying cause.
Jaundice causes always need prompt investigation, whatever the underlying reason turns out to be. Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. It is caused by a build-up of bilirubin in the blood, most often linked to the liver or bile ducts.
New jaundice is always investigated without delay. Dr Kejariwal’s specialist interest in liver disease gives patients from Newcastle, Durham, North Tyneside, Gateshead and Sunderland fast access to testing and imaging.
Causes and risk factors
Bilirubin is a yellow substance made when red blood cells break down. It builds up faster than the liver can remove it (NHS inform, 2026). This can happen due to liver disease, gallstones, or excess red blood cell breakdown.
Symptoms
- Yellowing of the skin or the whites of the eyes
- Dark urine
- Pale, clay-coloured stools
- Itchy skin
- Fatigue, in some underlying conditions
When to seek help: Always seek prompt assessment for jaundice, as causes range from mild to serious.
How is jaundice diagnosed?
Investigation typically starts with a liver function test and further blood tests. An ultrasound scan checks the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts.
What are the treatment options?
Treatment depends entirely on the underlying cause. This may include liver conditions such as fatty liver disease, gallstones, or a blockage needing specialist care. Dr Kejariwal ensures the cause is properly identified first.
Living with jaundice in 2026
Jaundice is always a sign that something needs investigating. Causes range from mild, self-limiting conditions to those needing more involved treatment. Prompt assessment, usually blood tests and an ultrasound, generally identifies the cause quickly.
Self-care and prevention
Avoid alcohol and unnecessary medications while the cause is being investigated. Rest and monitor for worsening symptoms, such as confusion or worsening swelling, while awaiting assessment.
What happens at your appointment?
You meet Dr Kejariwal at Cobalt Hospital for a full consultation. He reviews your symptoms, history, and any past tests. He explains what he thinks is happening in plain English. Together you agree a clear next step, whether that means more tests, starting treatment, or simple monitoring. A written summary goes to you and your GP after every visit. Most patients are seen within one to two weeks, and urgent concerns are prioritised.
When to see a specialist
See a specialist promptly for any new jaundice, as timely investigation matters regardless of the underlying cause.
Frequently asked questions about jaundice
Is jaundice always caused by liver disease?
Not always. Liver conditions are a common cause, but gallstones and certain blood conditions can also cause it.
How quickly should jaundice be investigated?
Promptly, by a GP or specialist. Timely diagnosis helps identify and treat the underlying cause effectively.
Can medication cause jaundice?
Yes. Certain medications can affect liver function and cause jaundice as a side effect. A full medication review is important.
Is jaundice more serious in adults than in newborn babies?
Newborn jaundice is common and usually resolves on its own. New jaundice in adults always needs prompt assessment.